The gauge invariance of general relativistic tidal heating
نویسنده
چکیده
When a self-gravitating body (e.g., a neutron star or black hole) interacts with an external tidal field (e.g., that of a binary companion), the interaction can do work on the body, changing its massenergy. The details of this “tidal heating” are analyzed using the Landau-Lifshitz pseudotensor and the local asymptotic rest frame of the body. It is shown that the work done on the body is gaugeinvariant, while the body-tidal-field interaction energy contained within the body’s local asymptotic rest frame is gauge dependent. This is analogous to Newtonian theory, where the interaction energy is shown to depend on how one localizes gravitational energy, but the work done on the body is independent of that localization.
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